Skip to main content

Unit I: Introduction to Psychology as a Science of Mind and Behavior (Very Short Answer Questions) - BA, BBA, BHM



Unit I: Introduction to Psychology as a Science of Mind and Behavior (Very Short Answer Questions)


1. List out the different perspectives of psychology.

Ans: The different perspectives of psychology are given below:The Psychodynamic Perspective
The Behavioral Perspective
The Humanist Perspective
The Biological Perspective
The Cognitive Perspective

2. What are the goals of Psychology?
Ans: The goals of Psychology are:
  • To describe/Understand human behavior
  • To predict human behavior
  • To control or modifying human behavior
  • Improving the Quality of life.
3. What is the difference between a case study method and a survey method?

Ans: Case Study: A case study refers to an in-depth study in which an individual, group, or a particular situation is studied.

Survey: A survey refers to research where data is gathered from an entire population or a very large sample in order to comprehend the opinions on a particular matter.

Case Study: Case studies are used in qualitative research.

Survey: Surveys are mostly used in quantitative research.

Case Study: Case studies produce rich in depth data.

Survey: Surveys produce numerical data.

4. Give any two uses of psychology to business management.

Ans: The uses of psychology are:

  • It helps to understand the role of human resource.
  • It also helps in reaching organization goals.
5. Define a single unit method of psychology.
Ans: Single-unit recording refers to the use of an electrode to record the electrophysiological activity (action potentials) from a single neuron. An electrode introduced into the brain of a living animal will detect electrical activity that is generated by the neurons adjacent to the electrode tip.

6. Point out the sub-fields of psychology.

Ans: The subfields of psychology are:
  • Brain science and cognitive psychology. 
  • Climate and environmental psychology. 
  • Clinical psychology. 
  • Counseling psychology. 
  • Developmental psychology. 
  • Experimental psychology. 
  • Forensic and public service psychology. 
  • Health psychology.
7. Define psychology.

Ans: According to NL Munna, ” Psychology is concerned with the Scientific investigation of behaviour”.

Crow and Crow, ” Psychology is the study of human behaviour and human relationship”.

Edwin Boring,1939 “what is man? To this question Psychologist seeks an answer”

Recently, David G. Myers (1997) defined psychology as ‘the science of behavior and mental processes’.

Robert S. Feldman in 2000 defined psychology as the ‘scientific study of human behavior and mental processes.‘

8. Distinguish between SR and SOR.

Ans: Stimulus-response (S-R) theories are central to the principles of conditioning. They are based on the assumption that human behaviour is learned.

S-O-R psychology is the abbreviation for stimulus – organism – response psychology. It deals with how an organism will respond to a stimulus. The O factors in this abbreviation could be biological or psychological.


References:
https://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-case-study-and-survey/
https://hamrobba.wordpress.com/introduction-to-psychology/

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Brief Description on "Self Concept "

APSARA KATUWAL  DANGOL Self Concept deals with describing own self and believing own self. Both Eastern and Western cultures have different views regarding Self Concept. According to Baumeister (1999), Self Concept is the individual's belief in himself or herself, including the person's attributes and who and what the self is. Within the development of Self Concept, there are different views and categories. According to Michael Lewis (1990), there are two categories of self-concept. i. The Existential Self: When a child is two to three months, he starts to have an existential self. He feels that he is a separate entity. He starts responding to other objects. ii.The Categorical Self: It is the sense of feeling of being an object to the world. Slowly child starts to connect himself to the world. And development related to internal traits start to develop. Carl Roger (1959) has claimed that self-concept has three component which includes self-image, self-esteem, and ...
Post a Comment
Read more

Behavioral approach in Clinical Psychology

APSARA KATUWAL  DANGOL Behavioral approach is based on the belief that behavior can be learned. It focuses on a scientific and objective method of investigation. It is also concerned with observable Stimulus-Response behaviors. This approach also focuses on learning's role in developing both normal and abnormal behavior. Early theorist Ivan Pavlov discovered classical conditioning (associative learning). He conducted a famous study using dogs. It focused on the effects of a learned response to a stimulus. For example, a dog started salivating when it heard the bell. Here, the sound of the bell would symbolize the message of getting food. Another behaviorist, Edwar L. Thorndike discovered Operant Conditioning and later B.F. Skinner analyzed operant conditioning. It is based on rewards and punishment to shape people's behavior. Edward L. Thorndike discovered Animal Intelligence. He found that punishment didn't weaken S-R connections but inhibited their expression. ...
Post a Comment
Read more

History of Counselling in Nepal

APSARA KATUWAL DANGOL During 1947, Psychology was introduced in Tri-Chandra Multiple Campus affiliated to Indian University as an intermediate level as a part of philosophy. Tribhuvan University was established in 1959 and other college came into existence.Four more colleges introduced psychology in the academic subject in intermediate and bachelor level in 1966. During the 1960s, Psychology grew slowly and outside Kathmandu Valley, introduced in two colleges. In 1980, Master's level course was introduced.At present, psychology is taught in eight campuses. Psychosocial Counselling is in the infancy stage in Nepal.Due to many problems related to social issues, it has impacted in mental health so to deal with this issues psychosocial counseling is a major component of that care. Psychosocial Counselling was introduced by Training of Trainee (TOT) to help victims. Nowadays, many organizations are involved in it. Even The School of Psychology (TSOP) is part of it. In 1991, Tra...
Post a Comment
Read more